New Page 1

Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

Examination Links:

```
Alphabetical Listing
of Examinations
```

Head

Cervical Spine

Thoracic Spine

Lumbar Spine

Shoulder

Elbow & Radioulnar

Wrist

Hand & Fingers

Sacroiliac Joint

```
Ipsilateral Prone Kinetic Test
```
```
FABER Test
```

Passive Extension & Internal 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

Passive Flexion & External 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

```
Passive External Rotation 
of Hip
```
```
Pelvic Rocking Test
```
```
Gapping Test
```
```
Prone Gapping (Hibb's) Test
```
```
Approximation Test
```
```
Squish Test
```
```
Sacroiliac Rocking Test
```
```
Sacral Apex Pressure Test
```
```
Torsion Stress Test
```
```
Femoral Shear Test
```

Superoinferior Symphysis
Pubic Stress Test

```
Piedallu's Sign
```
```
Flamingo Maneuver or Test
```
```
Gaenslen's Sign
```
```
Mazion's Pelvic Maneuver
```
```
Yeoman's Test
```
```
Sit-up Test
```

Hip & Thigh

Knee

Lower Leg

Ankle

```
Foot
```
- ```
Morton Test
```
- ```
 
```
```
Range of Motion
```
```
Goniometry
```
```
Manual Muscle Testing
```
```
Reflexes
```
```
Vital Signs
```
```
Body Composition
```

Valgus Stress (Elbow) at 90⁰

Examination type

Joint stability, ligamentous laxity

Patient & Body Segment Positioning

The patient is sitting upright, with elbow flexed to 90⁰. Patient does not resist or assist any movement.

Examiner Position

The examiner should face the patient while standing on the side of the affected elbow with one hand cupping the elbow (heel of hand on lateral side of elbow with fingers on medial side) for support while the other hand is placed at the patient’s wrist to provide force.

Tissues Being Tested

Ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow

Performing the Test

Cup the posterior aspect of the patients elbow in one hand and hold the patients wrist in the other. The hand on the elbow will act as a fulcrum around which the examiner’s other hand will apply. With the elbow flexed to 90 degrees, force the forearm laterally which will place stress on the medial side of the elbow.

Positive Test

Lack of a firm end feel or extra joint opening as compared bilaterally

Interpretation

Possible sprain (stretching or even tear) of the ulnar collateral ligament

Common errors in performing exam

Not placing enough force on the elbow; not placing the patient’s elbow in 90 degrees of flexion; not comparing bilaterally

Factors possibly resulting in misinterpretation

Athletes who routinely participate in repetitive overhead activities, such as baseball pitchers, may show excess laxity in the dominant arm even with no injury to the ulnar collateral ligament.

Related tests

Valgus stress test at 0 degrees, Milking sign

References

Booher, James M., and Thibodeau, Gary A. Athletic Injuries Assessment. Fourth ed. 2002.

Magee, David J. (2002). Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier

Links:

http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/1996/05_96/nirschl.htm

Click On PICTURE TO VIEW MOVIE